ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the types of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) in human ejaculated sperm using molecular technology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the WHO criteria, the donated semen was screened by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA), the sperm optimized by swim-up method, and the VDCCs' alpha1 subunits examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Such mRNA messages as alpha1H, alpha1G, alpha1E, alpha1B and alpha1C were detected, but alpha1A and alpha1D were not.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Human motile sperms express multiple VDCC RNAs, among which T-type and non-L-type channel messages are likely to be predominantly expressed. Not only T-type but also non-L-type calcium channels may be major gates for the external calcium influx, which helps regulate sperm motility and acrosome reaction.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Calcium , Metabolism , Calcium Channels , Classification , Genetics , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Spermatozoa , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the conditions and parameters of purifying total flavonoids from seed residue of H. rhamnoides.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Absorption capacity of three resins for total flavonoids was compared. With the yield and purity as indexes, the process of absorbing and purifying total flavonoids from seed residue with D101 macroporous resin absorbent was selected by orthogonal design.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The D101 resin was the best of the three resins and its absorption capacity was determined to be 63.00 mg x g(-1) wet resin. The optimum process condition was 30% ethanol as eluting solvent, wet resin vs crude herbs: 2:1, diameter vs height: 1:10, eluting solvent vs crude herbs: 10:1, absorbing time for 3 h. The yield of total flavonoids from seeds residue of H. rhamnoides by this process was 2.39%, and the purity reached 64.81%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The process is simple and convenient and the regeneration of resin is easy. So this method of purification is advisable.</p>